DDoS mitigation involves defending a server or network from distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. This is achieved through specialized equipment or cloud services to counteract the threat. The process has four stages when using a cloud-based provider: detection, where DDoS attacks are distinguished from regular traffic using methods like analyzing IP reputation and attack patterns; response, which involves blocking malicious bot traffic and absorbing legitimate traffic using techniques such as Web Application Firewall rules; routing, where remaining traffic is managed effectively to prevent denial-of-service by breaking it into smaller parts; and adaptation, which entails continuously analyzing traffic for patterns, adapting to and strengthening defenses against potential future attacks.